{"id":12303,"date":"2015-03-09T09:44:51","date_gmt":"2015-03-09T08:44:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cram.org\/?page_id=12303"},"modified":"2026-04-15T21:19:36","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T20:19:36","slug":"peixos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/cataleg-especies\/peixos\/","title":{"rendered":"Peixos"},"content":{"rendered":"

PEIXOS<\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/div>
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Incloem al grup dels\u00a0peixos<\/strong>\u00a0tots aquells animals aqu\u00e0tics vertebrats, que respiren per br\u00e0nquies i que generalment tenen aletes i el cos recobert d\u2019escames. La diversitat de peixos \u00e9s molt elevada i normalment les seves caracter\u00edstiques estan vinculades al lloc on viuen. Els\u00a0peixos mediterranis<\/strong>\u00a0m\u00e9s coneguts s\u00f3n allargats, hidrodin\u00e0mics i els trobem a mar obert, com la sardina o la tonyina; per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 hi ha peixos plans que viuen sobre el sediment, com el llenguado; peixos allargats que viuen en forats, com la morena, i fins i tot peixos amb formes tan originals com la del cavallet de mar.<\/p>\n

Entre els\u00a0peixos amb mand\u00edbules<\/strong>\u00a0(els m\u00e9s coneguts) hi trobem dos subgrups: el dels peixos amb esquelet de cart\u00edlag (cartilaginosos), que integren taurons, rajades i quimeres; i el dels peixos amb esquelet d\u2019os (ossis), que corresponen a la majoria d\u2019esp\u00e8cies comercials.<\/p>\n

L\u2019excessiva explotaci\u00f3 de determinades\u00a0esp\u00e8cies de peixos<\/strong>\u00a0(sobrepesca) n\u2019ha perjudicat considerablement la poblaci\u00f3 i encara que el control sobre la pesca comprengui mesures tan diverses com les vedes, les talles m\u00ednimes, les quotes de captura o l\u2019exist\u00e8ncia d\u2019espais en qu\u00e8 la pesca est\u00e0 prohibida, la problem\u00e0tica persisteix. En alguns casos no hi ha lleis o s\u00f3n molt millorables, mentre que en altres, l\u2019elevat valor econ\u00f2mic del comer\u00e7 de determinades esp\u00e8cies fa que, tot i\u00a0 que hi hagi una normativa reguladora, les lleis s\u2019infringeixin.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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ELASMOBRANQUIS<\/h2><\/a><\/div>
<\/div>Llegir fitxas<\/a>
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