{"id":19443,"date":"2017-02-08T16:34:49","date_gmt":"2017-02-08T15:34:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cram.org\/?p=19443\/"},"modified":"2017-02-08T16:58:50","modified_gmt":"2017-02-08T15:58:50","slug":"trencant-mites-hollywood-pinotxo-falsa-balena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/trencant-mites-hollywood-pinotxo-falsa-balena\/","title":{"rendered":"Trencant els mites de Hollywood I \u2013 Pinotxo i la falsa balena"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qui no recorda el trapella Pinotxo i el seu pare i creador Gepetto lluitant amb totes les seves forces per escapar-se de Monstre, una balena gegant i malvada que tenia atemorida tota la fauna marina? Doncs b\u00e9, ni us creixer\u00e0 el nas si dieu mentides, ni trobareu mai una balena com Monstre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ja sigui per nost\u00e0lgia o per raons familiars, un dia et trobes de nou mirant pel\u00b7l\u00edcules infantils i \u00e9s en aquest moment que t\u2019adones de la imaginaci\u00f3 infinita que van tenir els seus creadors. No us sabria dir en quin animal es van basar els dibuixants de la balena o si tot va ser un malent\u00e8s, per\u00f2 Monstre \u00e9s d\u2019una esp\u00e8cie impossible: seria un \u00e9sser pont entre els dos grans grups de cetacis, un animal mig catxalot, mig balena.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En el m\u00f3n dels dofins i les balenes podem diferenciar dos grans grups: els que tenen dents (Odontocets) entre els quals trobem dofins, caps d\u2019olla, catxalots, orques, etc. i els que tenen barbes (Misticets), que corresponen als animals que, en catal\u00e0, anomenem <em>balenes<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[row]<\/p>\n<p>[column size=\u00bbone-half\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Podria ser que Monstre fos fill d\u2019un malent\u00e8s? Imaginem el Sr. Walt Disney demanant als seus treballadors que dibuixin una mal\u00e8fica balena, <em>whale<\/em> en angl\u00e8s. El fet \u00e9s que el terme <em>whale<\/em> fa refer\u00e8ncia a tots els cetacis de mida gran (independentment de si tenen dents o barbes), i aqu\u00ed rau una de les confusions m\u00e9s habituals del m\u00f3n dels mam\u00edfers marins. D\u2019aquesta manera, una balena blava \u00e9s una <em>blue whale<\/em>, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 una orca \u00e9s una <em>killer whale<\/em> o un catxalot un <em>sperm whale<\/em>. Regirant a la biblioteca entre llibres de <em>whales<\/em> \u00e9s possible que els dissenyadors acabessin dibuixant aquest animal amb cap de catxalot i panxa de balena.<\/p>\n<p>[\/column][column size=\u00bbone-fourth\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19437 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Monstro1-195x300.jpg\" width=\"150\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Monstro1-130x200.jpg 130w, https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Monstro1-195x300.jpg 195w, https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Monstro1-500x769.jpg 500w, https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Monstro1.jpg 666w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/p>\n<pre style=\"text-align: center;\">Disney Jeu D'atout Ducale - Monstro\u00a0| Mark Anderson\u00a0| Flickr<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[\/column]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[\/row]<\/p>\n<p>Els <a href=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/cataleg-especies\/mamifers-marins\/cetacis\/catxalot\/\"><strong>catxalots<\/strong><\/a> s\u00f3n odontocets, tenen un cap molt gros i una boca allargada, amb una filera de dents, totes iguals i de fins a 20 cm d\u2019altura.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[row][column size=\u00bbone-third\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19440\" src=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/cachalote.jpg\" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" \/><\/p>\n<pre style=\"text-align: center;\">Imatge cap catxalot | Shutterstock<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[\/column]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[column size=\u00bbone-third\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19439\" src=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/dusseldorf-aquazoo-physeter-macrocephalus-skeleton-02-ies.jpg\" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/dusseldorf-aquazoo-physeter-macrocephalus-skeleton-02-ies-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/dusseldorf-aquazoo-physeter-macrocephalus-skeleton-02-ies.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><\/p>\n<pre style=\"text-align: center;\">Physeter macrocephalus-Skelett im Aquazoo - L\u00f6bbecke Museum in D\u00fcsseldorf | According to EXIF data | \u00a0Frank Vincentz | GFDL (self made) | Wikimedia Commons<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[\/column][\/row]<\/p>\n<p>[row][column size=\u00bbone-third\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Per altra banda, les balenes de la fam\u00edlia <em>Balaenopteridae<\/em>, com podrien ser el <a href=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/cataleg-especies\/mamifers-marins\/cetacis\/rorqual-comu-balena\/\"><strong>rorqual com\u00fa<\/strong><\/a> o la balena blava, s\u00f3n misticets i tenen plecs ventrals.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aquest plecs s\u2019estenen per la part ventral de l\u2019organisme, des de la boca fins a l\u2019altura del melic, i s\u00f3n una adaptaci\u00f3 amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019augmentar el volum de la boca. La balena pot omplir-se la boca amb una gran quantitat d\u2019aigua i, posteriorment, filtrar tots els petits organismes engolits amb ajuda de les barbes.[\/column][column size=\u00bbone-third\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19438 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Humpback_whale_noaa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Humpback_whale_noaa-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/cram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Humpback_whale_noaa.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<pre style=\"text-align: center;\">Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) | NOAA\u00a0| Wikimedia Commons (Public Domain)<\/pre>\n<p>[\/column][\/row]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Monstre posseeix unes enormes dents, com les que podr\u00edem trobar en un catxalot, i uns extensos plecs ventrals dignes de les m\u00e9s grosses balenes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La hist\u00f2ria original de Pinotxo la va escriure l\u2019itali\u00e0 Carlo Collodi i, posteriorment, la va animar Walt Disney en la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula que tots coneixem. Per tal de veure quina balena havia descrit Collodi en la seva obra, vam consultar el text original i vam tenir una gran sorpresa: en la versi\u00f3 original de Collodi, no era una balena qui engolia el petit titella, sin\u00f3 que era un taur\u00f3 (\u201cpesce-cane\u201d)! I encara m\u00e9s sobtats vam quedar en adonar-nos que, per una vegada en la hist\u00f2ria del cinema, es va preferir fer que la dolenta de la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula fos una balena abans que un taur\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Va ser aquesta sorpresa la que ens va portar a escriure aquestes l\u00ednies, i mentre les escriv\u00edem hem anat descobrint moltes m\u00e9s curiositats. Si vosaltres tamb\u00e9 voleu que els cetacis i les seves curiositats us sorprenguin, us convidem a assistir al proper curs <a href=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/educacio-i-formacio\/cursos-de-formacio\/curs-cetacis\/\"><strong>Cetacis: biologia, cl\u00ednica i t\u00e8cniques d&#8217;estudi<\/strong><\/a>, que farem a la Fundaci\u00f3 CRAM el cap de setmana del 18 i 19 de mar\u00e7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qui no recorda el trapella Pinotxo i el seu pare i creador Gepetto lluitant amb totes les seves forces per escapar-se de Monstre, una balena gegant i malvada que tenia atemorida tota la fauna marina? Doncs b\u00e9, ni us creixer\u00e0 el nas si dieu mentides, ni trobareu mai una balena com Monstre. Ja sigui [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trencant els mites de Hollywood I \u2013 Pinotxo i la falsa balena - CRAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Monstre posseeix unes enormes dents, com les que podr\u00edem trobar en un catxalot, i uns extensos plecs ventrals dignes de les m\u00e9s grosses balenes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cram.org\/ca\/trencant-mites-hollywood-pinotxo-falsa-balena\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trencant els mites de Hollywood I \u2013 Pinotxo i la falsa balena - 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